Inkcazo yovavanyo lokuphumelela
Inkcazo yovavanyo lokuphumelela linani leemvavanyo ezamkelwa liziko lemfundo, ukulinganisa inqanaba lobukrelekrele bomfundi, ubungakanani bempumelelo kunye nolwazi alufumeneyo kwiikhosi ezifundwayo.
Kukho iinkcazo ezininzi ezichaza ingqiqo yovavanyo lwempumelelo ngendlela ehlangeneyo nebanzi, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba luvavanyo oluyilelwe ukulinganisa ipesenti yolwazi okanye ubuchule bomfundi okanye umfundi kwinkalo ethile yolwazi okanye izakhono, ngokuphendula uluhlu lwemibuzo okanye ukwenza uluhlu lwemisebenzi ethile.
Uvavanyo lwempumelelo sesinye sezixhobo zophando lwezenzululwazi kwaye sisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa nokuvavanya inqanaba leesampuli ezibonisa inqanaba apho umntu anophawu oluthile.
Abafundi abafake isicelo bavandlakanywa ngokwamanqanaba abo kwezi zifundo zikhankanywe ngasentla kwisigaba sasesekondari.
Uvavanyo lokuphumelela lubonisa ukubaluleka kwalo ekuvavanyeni inqanaba lomfundi kunye nophuhliso kulwazi kunye nezakhono ezifunyenwe ngexesha lokufunda.
Iimvavanyo zempumelelo zibandakanya iseti yeemvavanyo eziqhutywa ngamaziko emfundo ekupheleni kwezifundo zemfundo, kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubungakanani bempumelelo yomfundi.
Iimvavanyo zempumelelo zijolise ekuqinisekiseni inqanaba lokuphumelela komfundi kwiseti yezakhono ezisisiseko kunye nolwazi olunxulumene nezifundo ezahlukeneyo zemfundo.
Uvavanyo lokuphumelela oluyimpumelelo luthetha olukwaziyo ukuchonga umahluko kwinqanaba lokuphumelela phakathi kwabafundi, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo lubandakanya imibuzo enokukhetha okuninzi okanye esekelwe kwisicatshulwa efuna impendulo eneenkcukacha kumfundi.
Ukuhlalutya iziphumo zovavanyo lokuphumelela kunceda amaziko emfundo achonge amandla kunye nobuthathaka babafundi kwaye achonge iindawo ezifuna ukomelezwa nokuphuculwa.
Ithini ingqikelelo yovavanyo lwempumelelo?
Ingqikelelo yovavanyo lwempumelelo luluhlu lweemvavanyo ezibonelelwa ngamaziko emfundo ukulinganisa ubungakanani bomgangatho umfundi aphumelele ngawo inqanaba elithile lokuqonda.
Ezi mvavanyo ziyilelwe ukulinganisa ukuqonda komfundi umxholo wezifundo kunye nobungakanani bokuqonda kwakhe iikhonsepthi kunye nezakhono ezifundiswayo.
Uvavanyo lokuphumelela lusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya impumelelo yomfundi kwizifundo ezithile ezifana nesayensi, imathematika, isiArabhu, kunye nezinye.
Kwinkqubo yemfundo yama-Arabhu, uvavanyo lokuphumelela lujongwa njengenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ekuvavanyeni ukusebenza kwabafundi kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukufunxa ulwazi.
Ezi mvavanyo zidla ngokuthathwa ekupheleni kwesiqingatha sonyaka okanye ekupheleni kwezifundo, kwaye zijolise ekuphononongeni inqanaba lempumelelo elizuzwe ngabafundi kwezi zifundo.
Abafundi bavavanywa kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo ngokwekharityhulam evunywe liziko lemfundo.
Uvavanyo lwempumelelo lunokubandakanya ukubhala, ukusetyenziswa, ukhetho oluninzi, okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo lwemibuzo ejolise ekuvavanyeni inqanaba lolwazi nokuqonda komfundi.
Amanqaku ovavanyo lwempumelelo luphawu olubalulekileyo lwenqanaba lomfundi kwizifundo zemfundo.
Ukuba imiphumo iba mihle, oko kukhulisa ukuzithemba komfundi kuze kumkhuthaze ukuba aqhubeke esebenza nzima.
Kwelinye icala, ukuba iziphumo zibuthathaka, oku kubonisa imfuneko yokuphucula ulwazi nezakhono kwizifundo ezifanelekileyo.
Ngawaphi amacandelo ovavanyo lokuphumelela?
Amacandelo ovavanyo lwempumelelo abandakanya izinto ezininzi ezisisiseko ezinegalelo ekuphumezeni ukuqinisekiswa nokuthembeka kwiziphumo zovavanyo.
Ngezantsi zinkcukacha zala macandelo:
- Izifundo zovavanyo: Uvavanyo lwempumelelo luneqela lezifundo eziphambili: ibhayoloji, ikhemistri, ifiziksi, nemathematika.
Ezi zixhobo zibandakanyiwe ukulinganisa ukuqonda komfundi kwiikhonsepthi kunye nezakhono ezinxulumene nazo. - Ulwahlulo lovavanyo: Uvavanyo lokuphumelela lwahlulwe lwaba ngamacandelo amaninzi ngokwezinto ezigqunywe kuyo.
Ngaloo ndlela, uvavanyo luqulethe icandelo elinikezelwe kwibhayoloji, elinye kwikhemistri, icandelo lefiziksi, kunye necandelo lemathematika. - Uvavanyo lweNtsebenzo: Ukongeza kwiimvavanyo zokukhetha ezininzi, uvavanyo lokuphumelela lukwaqulethe imibuzo yokuvavanya izakhono zabafundi ekucingeni okunzulu kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ezisebenzayo.
Le mibuzo ifuna ukuba abafundi baphendule ngokuthe ngqo kwaye basebenzise iikhonsepthi kunye nezakhono ezifundiweyo. - Ulwabiwo lwamanqaku: Ipesenti yobunzima becandelo ngalinye lovavanyo lwempumelelo imiselwa ngokokubaluleka kwalo kwizifundo.
Olu lwabiwo lujolise ekuboniseni ubungakanani bobuchule bomfundi kwisifundo ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo. - Umda wexesha: Uvavanyo lokuphumelela lubandakanya ixesha elithile lokugqitywa kwalo, njengoko abafundi kufuneka baphendule yonke imibuzo ngexesha elichaziweyo.
Lo mgca wexesha ujolise kumlinganiselo wokukwazi kwabafundi ukuhlalutya nokuqiqa phantsi kweemeko zexesha eliqingqiweyo.
Zeziphi iintlobo zovavanyo lokuphumelela?
Okokuqala, iimvavanyo zomlomo, ezizimvavanyo ezifuna ukuba abafundi baphendule imibuzo yovavanyo ngomlomo.
Ezi mvavanyo zixhomekeke kwizakhono zabafundi zokuphulaphula kunye nokuthetha ngomlomo, njengoko utitshala ebuza imibuzo kwaye abafundi bayiphendule ngomlomo.
Okwesibini, iimvavanyo zesincoko, eziluvavanyo apho abafundi bacelwa ukuba babhale iimpendulo zabo ngendlela yesincoko.
Abafundi baqala isincoko ngamabinzana afana nelithi “chaza,” “thetha,” “thelekisa,” kunye “nokubhala” baze babhale iimpendulo zabo.
Okwesithathu, iimvavanyo ezinenjongo, eziluvavanyo apho abafundi kufuneka bamakishe yinyaniso okanye bubuxoki, bakhethe kwezininzi, ngababini, okanye bagqibe.
Abafundi bakhetha impendulo echanekileyo kwiinketho ezikhoyo.
Okokugqibela, kukho iimvavanyo zemveli, ezizimvavanyo ezisebenzisa ipeni nephepha kwaye zifuna iimpendulo ngendlela yesincoko esinikezelwa ngabafundi.
Iindidi zolu vavanyo ziquka iimvavanyo zeempendulo ezimfutshane, apho abafundi bacelwa ukuba banike iimpendulo ezimfutshane, ezimfutshane kwimibuzo ebuziweyo.
Ziziphi iimpawu zovavanyo lokuphumelela?
Uvavanyo lwempumelelo sisixhobo sophando lwezenzululwazi esijolise ekulinganiseni ubungakanani benjongo ezibekelwe yona eziye zaphunyezwa.
Ukulungiselela olu vavanyo kufuna amava abanzi kwicala lengcali elungiselelayo.Kufuneka aqhelane nazo zonke iinkcukacha zekhosi kwaye aqhelene ngokupheleleyo nomxholo wayo.
Uvavanyo lwempumelelo sesinye sezixhobo zophando lwezenzululwazi esibonisa umahluko phakathi kwabafundi, ngaloo ndlela ukwahlula phakathi kwabo.
Uvavanyo kufuneka lube nenjongo ecacileyo kwaye lukhuthaze abafundi ukuba baphendule imibuzo ngomzamo, onegalelo kwinkuthazo yabo.
Uvavanyo lwempumelelo lusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa nokuvavanya inqanaba lomntu kwinkalo ethile yolwazi okanye isakhono.
Itheyibhile yeenkcukacha nayo ilungiselelwe ebonisa imiba ebalulekileyo yeyunithi yokufunda kwaye ihambelana neenjongo zovavanyo.
Uvavanyo lokuphumelela kakuhle lolo lulinganisa izakhono zabafundi ngokufanelekileyo nangokusekelwe kwiikhrayitheriya ezijoliswe kuko, kwaye aluphuhliswanga ngenjongo yokukhubaza okanye ukuziphindezela kubafundi.
Yintoni ukubaluleka kovavanyo lokuphumelela?
Iimvavanyo zempumelelo zithathwa njengenye yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlola ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokufundisa nokufunda.
Ijolise ekulinganiseni indlela abafundi abathatha ngayo kwaye baziqonde ngayo izixhobo zemfundo kunye nokuvavanya ubungakanani bokufikelela kwiinjongo zekharityhulam.
Iimvavanyo zisisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa impumelelo yabafundi kunye nokumisela ubungakanani bokuqonda kwabo isifundo esithile.
Ukubaluleka kweemvavanyo zempumelelo kukusebenzisa iziphumo zazo ukujonga ukuba ngaba abafundi banokutshintshelwa kumanqanaba aphezulu emfundo na.
Iimvavanyo zikwanceda ekuvavanyeni inkqubo yemfundo nokusebenza ekuqhubekeni kwayo.
Ngoko ke, iziphumo zeemvavanyo zokuphumelela zinegalelo ekuphuculeni umgangatho wemfundo nokuphucula ukusebenza kwabafundi.
Uvavanyo lwempumelelo sesinye sezixhobo zophando lwezenzululwazi kwaye sisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa nokuvavanya inqanaba leesampuli ezibonisa iqondo apho umntu anophawu oluthile.
Uvavanyo lwempumelelo lufuna ukuba abafundi balungiselele kakuhle kwaye balulungiselele, njengoko isifundo seyunivesithi sifuna isiphumo esihle kakhulu semfundo kunye nokuqonda.
Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba abafundi abangamadoda nababhinqileyo bathathe uvavanyo lokuphumelela nzulu kakhulu kwaye balungiselele kakuhle ukuluthatha.
Iziphumo zeemvavanyo zempumelelo zinokumisela iindlela zekamva zabafundi zemfundo nezobuchule, kwaye zibe negalelo kuphuhliso lwabo nasekomelezeni izakhono zabo kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo zemfundo.
Athini amanqaku kuvavanyo lokuphumelela?
Amanqaku okugqibela kuvavanyo lokuphumelela li-100.
Kubafundi abenza uvavanyo, bamalunga ne-5% kuphela abafumana amanqaku angama-81 okanye ngaphezulu.
Ngokuphathelele abafundi abanamanqaku angama-78 ewonke, akukho bakala likhethekileyo lokupasa okanye ukupasa, njengoko ibakala ngalinye linika umfundi ithuba lokubhalisa eyunivesithi.
Kwiikholeji zempilo, inqaku lovavanyo lokuphumelela lenza i-40% yebakala lilonke.
Ngaphezu kwe-5% yabafundi abathatha uvavanyo kunye namanqaku angama-81 okanye ngaphezulu bathathwa njengabaphumeleleyo.
Ngokumalunga ne-10% yabafundi abathathe uvavanyo kwaye bafumana amanqaku angama-78, nabo babonwa njengempumelelo.
Abafundi abaphezulu be-5% bafumana amanqaku angama-81 okanye ngaphezulu.
Isakhono kunye namanqaku okuphumelela alinganiswa ngohlobo lokuba ngaphezu kwe-20% yabafundi abathatha uvavanyo abanamanqaku angama-73 okanye ngaphezulu bathathwa njengamanqaku aphumeleleyo.
Akukho kusilela okanye kuvunyelwa kuvavanyo lokuphumelela, kodwa abafundi banikwa amanqaku athile kwali-100, yaye la manqaku abalwa kusetyenziswa umgaqo omiselweyo wokutenxa kwinqanaba loBukumkani.
Yintoni injongo yolu vavanyo?
Ukubaluleka kovavanyo kukufikelela kwiinjongo zemfundo esele zimiselwe.
Eyona njongo yolu vavanyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba umfundi ufikelela kangakanani na kwinqanaba lolwazi nezakhono ezifunekayo kwisifundo sesikolo.
Uvavanyo lunceda ekuchongeni amandla kunye nobuthathaka babafundi kwaye lunika umbono ocacileyo malunga nenkqubo yemfundo yesikolo kunye nabafundi.
Uvavanyo lukwayiphucula inkqubo yemfundo kwaye lube negalelo kuphuhliso lweenkqubo zokufunda ngokubonelela ngolwazi olufanelekileyo olunceda ekwenzeni izigqibo eziyimfuneko zokuphucula umgangatho wemfundo.
Mangaphi amacandelo akhoyo kuvavanyo lokuphumelela?
Iimvavanyo zempumelelo zibandakanya amacandelo amahlanu ahlukeneyo.
Imizuzu engamashumi amabini anesihlanu yabelwe icandelo ngalinye, nto leyo ethetha ukuba uvavanyo lulonke luthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini nemizuzu emihlanu.
Uvavanyo lwempumelelo lubalulekile kuba lulinganisa izakhono zabafundi kunye nobuchule, obubenza bafanelekele ukuqhubela phambili kwiiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo.
Inani lemibuzo kuvavanyo lokuphumelela liyahluka ngokwecandelo ngalinye, kodwa linokufikelela malunga ne-160 imibuzo, kwaye imibuzo iyahluka phakathi kweemvavanyo zokuqonda kunye nemibuzo eyintshayelelo kunye nesicelo.
Ngokubanzi, kunokuthiwa uvavanyo lokuphumelela luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu kwindlela yokufunda yabafundi.
Mingaphi imibuzo ekhoyo kuvavanyo lokuphumelela?
Inani lemibuzo kuvavanyo lokuphumelela liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwicandelo ngalinye lovavanyo.
Kodwa inani lemibuzo linokufikelela malunga nemibuzo ye-160.
Imibuzo isusela kwimibuzo yengcaciso ejolise ekuvavanyeni ulwazi olusisiseko, ukuya kwimibuzo ecela abafundi ukuba basebenzise iikhonsepthi nezakhono, nakwimibuzo ekala inqanaba lokuqonda kwabafundi imathiriyeli.
IKomishoni yoVavanyo lweMfundo noQeqesho ayizange ichaze inani elimiselweyo lemibuzo yovavanyo lokuphumelela, kuba inani lemibuzo liyahluka phakathi kwamasebe ahlukeneyo.
Nangona kunjalo, inani lemibuzo kuvavanyo linokufikelela kwi-160.
Yintoni endiyifundayo kuvavanyo lokuphumelela?
Xa kuziwa ekulungiseleleni uvavanyo lokuphumelela, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ufunde ntoni.
Kukho iingcebiso ezinokukunceda ufezekise umsebenzi obalaseleyo kolu vavanyo.
Okokuqala nokuphambili, kuyimfuneko ukulungelelanisa ixesha lakho kakuhle.
Yenza ucwangciso oluchaza izifundo ekufuneka uzifunde yonke imihla.
Unokufuna uncedo kubahlobo bakho abakhe baluthatha ngaphambili uvavanyo ukuze ufumane iingcebiso kunye nesikhokelo kwizinto ezibalulekileyo kunye nemibuzo enokuthi ivele kuvavanyo.
Okwesibini, musa ukuthandabuza ukuphonononga iisampuli zovavanyo lwangaphambili kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Gxininisa ingqalelo yakho ekuqondeni nasekunkqayeni imibuzo ephindwaphindwa ngolu hlobo.
Unokuthatha ithuba lomxholo wasimahla ofumaneka kwi-intanethi, njengeevidiyo zeYouTube okanye iikhosi ezihlawulwayo.
Okwesithathu, ungalibali ukufunda imibhalo esemazantsi kunye nezishwankathelo ekupheleni kwephepha.
Le mibhalo esemazantsi idla ngokuba nezishwankathelo ezibalulekileyo zezifundo okanye izihloko.
Sebenzisa ezi zishwankathelo ukuphonononga imathiriyeli ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.
Ukongeza, zama ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sokufunda esicwangcisiweyo esijolise ekugxininiseni nasekucingeni nzulu malunga nemathiriyeli.
Zama ukusombulula eminye imizekelo ebonakalayo kunye nemithambo ukuze usebenzise imiba efundiweyo.
Lude kangakanani uvavanyo lwempumelelo?
Ubude bexesha lovavanyo lokuphumelela buqala kwiiyure ezimbini ezinesiqingatha ukuya kwezintathu, njengoko kumiselwe yiKomishoni yoVavanyo lweMfundo noQeqesho.
Uvavanyo kulindeleke ukuba luthathe iiyure ezintathu, apho iyure enye inikezelwa kwiinkqubo, imiyalelo, kunye nokuzalisa ulwazi lomfundi kwiphepha leempendulo.
Kukho ixesha eliseleyo lemibuzo kunye neemvavanyo.
Uvavanyo lokuphumelela lwahlulwe lwangamacandelo amahlanu ahlukeneyo, apho abafundi abangamadoda nabasetyhini bafumana imizuzu engama-25 kwinxalenye nganye yesivakalisi sovavanyo.
Kungakhathaliseki inani lemibuzo kuvavanyo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ixesha lovavanyo ukuya kwiiyure ezintathu.
Abafundi bafanele balungiselele eli xesha lilinganiselweyo, eliquka iyure yeenkqubo, imiyalelo, nokurekhoda inkcazelo yobuqu.
Ngokubanzi, uvavanyo lokuphumelela kulindeleke ukuba luthathe malunga neeyure ezi-3, kunye neyure yokuqala yovavanyo lwazisa iinkqubo kunye nemiyalelo kunye nokuzalisa ulwazi lwabafundi kwiphepha leempendulo.
Oku kubandakanya ukusasazwa kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo oviwo kunye nokucacisa indlela yokuphendula imibuzo.
Kushiyeke iiyure ezimbini zokuthatha iimvavanyo zokwenene kwaye uphendule imibuzo ebuzwe kwicandelo ngalinye.
